Answer: Yes. Gastric cancer is the second most common cancer in the world. Unfortunately, it still carries a poor prognosis, and treatment options are limited. Patients with H. pylori infection have been repeatedly reported to have a threefold to sixfold higher incidence of gastric cancer. The World Health Organization (WHO) has classified H. pylori as [...]

Answer: The association is quite strong. Infection increases serum gastrin levels, which results in increased gastric acid production by parietal cells. Excessive acid production leads to damage of duodenal mucosa over time with subsequent development of duodenal gastric metaplasia. H. pylori may infect these duodenal “patches” of gastric mucosa, leading to duodenitis and eventual duodenal [...]