Answer:
Both are indications of the latent tetany caused by hypocalcemia. Of the two signs, Trousseau’s is more specific and reliable.
Trousseau’s sign: A sphygmomanometer is placed on the arm and inflated to greater than systolic blood pressure and left in place for at least 2 minutes. A positive response is carpal spasm of the ipsilateral arm. [...]

Answer:
With some exceptions, renal calcium handling varies directly with renal Na+ handling. Therefore, renal calcium excretion is increased by saline diuresis, loop diuretics, and volume expansion. In contrast, renal calcium excretion is decreased in volume depletion and other states associated with renal salt retention. One notable exception to this general rule is that the natriuresis [...]

Answer:
About 50% of the filtered calcium is reabsorbed in the proximal tubule, and most of the remainder (about 40% of the total) is reabsorbed in the loop of Henle, primarily the ascending limb of the loop of Henle. A small amount of calcium is reabsorbed in the distal convoluted tubule and an even smaller amount [...]

Answer:
A 70-kg man has approximately 1000 gm of calcium in his body. Of this amount, bone contains 99%, whereas the ECF and ICF contain only 1%. Furthermore, only about 1% of skeletal calcium is freely exchangeable with ECF calcium. The routine measurement for serum calcium (normal = 9-10 mg/mL = 4.5-5.0 mEq/L = 2.25-2.5 mM/L) [...]